當我們拿到這種「A vs. B」的題型時，第一步永遠不是急著下筆，而是問問自己：這兩個選項我真正怎麼看？像這題：「政府應該把錢花在鐵路而不是公路上？」這樣的題目，看起來簡單，但其實藏著不少細節。你得先問自己幾個問題：我平常出門是搭火車還是開車？火車可以帶我到公司門口嗎？我的城市需要的是更快的地鐵，還是更不會塞車的馬路？想清楚這些後，才能決定你是要支持還是反對這個說法。今天我們就要練習一個不完全同意的寫法，也會示範怎麼在開頭自然地帶出主題和立場，幫你打好整篇文章的基礎。
今天要練習的題目是：
Governments should spend money on railways rather than roads.
To what extent do you agree with this statement?
首先就要先找找自己的單字庫裡的字，有哪些字是跟主題相關的好字可以用的。
例如：public transport, emissions, traffic congestion, commuters, invest in, pollution, unreliable, sardines in a can, etc.
大概花個30秒左右整理一下可以用的字之後，就可以開始規劃自己要寫的文章了。
主旨段： 表明題目，然後表明自己的意見（不同意）
身體段 1：鐵路不可能到各個角落，終究還是要有路，才可以到各處。
身體段 2： 有許多人還是需要車去工作，或是在離峰時間出門，他們必須用到車 （舉例），可以理解許多人認為鐵路對環境比較友善，但是公車也是大眾交通工具的一種呀。
結論段：連結前面的理由，然後做個總結。
當然，規劃作文不是說，正在寫的時候就不能再改了，此路不通，一定要換路走，你會怎麼規劃這篇作文呢？
高分範例：
There is ongoing debate over whether governments should allocate more funding to railways rather than roads. While both are essential elements of a nation’s infrastructure, I largely disagree with the view that railways should be prioritised over roads. This is because roads are more widely used on a daily basis and provide greater flexibility for most people’s transportation needs.
Although railways offer advantages such as reduced pollution and faster intercity travel, they come with limitations. Trains cannot reach every destination, and people still need roads to complete their journeys. In many urban and rural areas, offices and residences are located in places that are inaccessible by train, especially those situated in narrow alleys or less developed zones. Furthermore, constructing railway networks is significantly more costly and time-consuming compared to road development. This could divert funding from other essential services, such as education, healthcare, and social welfare. Additionally, railway construction can lead to temporary disruptions, such as increased traffic congestion and rising property prices along newly developed train lines.
Another concern is the inefficiency of railway systems during off-peak hours. Operating trains with few passengers is not cost-effective, whereas roads remain useful regardless of the time of day. For instance, individuals who work night shifts, such as nurses or emergency personnel, rely heavily on roads for commuting. If roads are poorly maintained or underfunded, it could jeopardize their safety and convenience. While it’s true that trains can help reduce emissions caused by heavy traffic, other forms of public transport—like buses—also rely on well-maintained roads to operate effectively. Moreover, since the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have become more cautious about using crowded public transportation and now prefer traveling by car, further increasing the importance of investing in road infrastructure.
In conclusion, although railways play a significant role in modern transport, I believe that roads are more practical and universally accessible. Governments should continue investing in both systems, but given the broader usage and flexibility of roads, they deserve at least equal—if not greater—funding than railways.
高分句型解析：
1. There is ongoing debate over whether…
🔍 結構解析：
- There is + 名詞片語：常用來開頭陳述現象或事實，具有「學術語感」。
- ongoing debate：高階詞彙搭配，表示「持續的爭論」，比 simple phrases like people argue 更正式。
- whether + 子句：用來引出二選一的爭論點。
🧠 為什麼好：
- 是一個經典的 「引入爭議性主題」的萬用開場句型。
- 可應用於 Task 2 中所有討論類型題目（e.g., Discuss both views, To what extent do you agree）。
✍️ 實用延伸：
- There has been increasing debate about whether governments should…
- There is considerable concern over whether…
2. While both are essential elements of a nation’s infrastructure, I largely disagree with the view that railways should be prioritised over roads.
🔍 結構解析：
- While A, B：對比句型，展現你能平衡看待雙方觀點。
- essential elements of…：學術風格詞彙，強調重要性。
- I largely disagree with the view that…：非常自然的立場表達方式，語氣也比較客觀柔和。
🧠 為什麼好：
- 展現你可以承認反方觀點，但同時清楚表明立場，是 Band 8 常見的立場表述句式。
- 結構複雜，但清晰有力，提升語言多樣性分數。
✍️ 實用模版延伸：
- While some benefits cannot be denied, I firmly believe that…
- While both approaches have merit, I tend to support the idea that…
3. They come with limitations.
🔍 結構解析：
- come with + 名詞：表示「伴隨…而來」，自然地引入缺點或副作用。
- limitations：比 “disadvantages” 更中性、專業的詞。
🧠 為什麼好：
- 是個簡短有力的 承上啟下句，適合用在要進入「缺點段」時。
- 相比 “have problems,” 這句更正式、自然且適用於任何主題。
✍️ 實用延伸：
- This solution, however, comes with certain limitations.
- Although promising, this approach comes with notable drawbacks.
4. more costly and time-consuming
🔍 結構解析：
- 形容詞 + -ing 分詞結構：描述某事「花時間的」特性。
- costly：等同於 “expensive”，但更正式與精簡。
- and 連接兩個複合形容詞，增加句型變化度。
🧠 為什麼好：
- 展現你不只會 basic adjectives（like “expensive and long”），而是能使用更 地道又專業的描述詞組。
- 這樣的複合詞（compound adjectives）是 Band 8 的典型特徵。
✍️ 實用延伸：
- The process is not only more costly and time-consuming but also less efficient.
- Compared to alternatives, it is far more labor-intensive and time-consuming.
5. Another concern is the inefficiency of…
🔍 結構解析：
- Another concern is + 名詞片語：非常自然的段落主題句，切入另一個缺點。
- inefficiency of…：抽象名詞搭配，替代 “problem with…”，更學術。
🧠 為什麼好：
- 這種句型可以有效建立你的 段落邏輯與主旨。
- 用 “inefficiency” 替代口語的 “doesn’t work well” 或 “not useful” 讓語言層次提升。
✍️ 實用延伸：
- Another issue is the instability of the market…
- Another drawback is the limited accessibility of such services…
6. While it’s true that trains can help reduce emissions caused by heavy traffic, other forms of public transport—like buses—also rely on well-maintained roads to operate effectively.
🔍 結構解析：
- While it’s true that…：典型讓步句型，承認反方但轉入己方論點。
- reduce emissions caused by…：準確描述原因與結果的語法結構。
- em dash (—)：用來補充說明，提高句子層次。
- operate effectively：動詞 + 副詞組合，比 “work well” 更自然正式。
🧠 為什麼好：
- 結合了讓步、對比、例證三種功能於一身，是 Band 8 的高階邏輯句型。
- 有效展現你能承認對方觀點，同時提出反駁或更完整的觀點。
✍️ 實用延伸：
- While it’s true that remote work increases flexibility, it can also blur the line between personal and professional life.
- While renewable energy reduces carbon output, it still depends heavily on weather conditions.
